Shin splints, or Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome (MTSS), refer to exercise-induced pain along the distal two-thirds of the tibia, caused by repetitive stress to the bone–muscle–tendon interface.
It’s one of the most common overuse injuries in runners, military recruits, and athletes, representing up to 10–15% of all running injuries (Newman et al., Br J Sports Med, 2013)
Clinically, patients describe a diffuse aching or tenderness along the inner shin that worsens with activity and improves with rest.